AWS Route 53

Amazon DNS Service

Amazon Route 53 is a scalable and highly available Domain Name System (DNS) web service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS). It is designed to route end-user requests to globally distributed endpoints, such as web applications or resources, and effectively connects user requests to the corresponding AWS resources.

Domain Registration

Route 53 allows you to register new domain names or transfer existing ones. Route 53 can also be used with domains registered in a different domain register.

DNS Service

It serves as a fully managed and highly reliable DNS service, translating human-readable domain names into IP addresses that can be understood by computers.

Resolver

Route 53 Resolver answers DNS queries within a virtual private cloud (VPC) and to the public Internet. It supports both public and private (internal) hosted zones. This segregation helps maintain security and proper server hostname practices.

Public Hosted Zones

• Public-hosted zones are used for routing traffic on the public internet. They are typically associated with domain names that are publicly accessible, such as your company's website or a public-facing API.
• The DNS records in a public hosted zone are accessible from the internet, allowing users worldwide to resolve domain names to IP addresses.
• Public-hosted zones are often associated with domain names that are registered through Route 53 or transferred to Route 53 from another registrar.

Private (Internal) Hosted Zones

• Private hosted zones are used for internal domain resolution within an Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). They are not accessible from the public internet.
• DNS records in a private hosted zone are accessible only within the specified VPCs. This is useful for internal applications, services, or resources that do not need public exposure.
• Private-hosted zones are not associated with domain registration. They are solely used for internal DNS resolution within the AWS network.

Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC)

Route 53 supports DNSSEC to enhance the security of DNS data and prevent malicious activities, such as DNS spoofing.

Health Checks

Route 53 enables health checks for AWS resources, such as EC2 instances or load balancers, and automatically reroutes traffic to healthy endpoints in case of detected issues.

Traffic Routing and Load Balancing

It supports traffic management through features like weighted routing, latency-based routing, and geolocation routing, allowing traffic distribution across different endpoints based on various criteria.

Integration with AWS Services

Route 53 seamlessly integrates with other AWS services, such as Amazon S3, CloudFront, Elastic Load Balancing (ELB), and more, facilitating the management of DNS records for these resources.

Global Anycast Network

Route 53 operates on a global anycast network, ensuring low-latency and high-performance DNS responses by serving DNS requests from the nearest geographically distributed location.